Should Indian Tribes Be Managing Our National Parks And Refuges?

by Howard Hanson

The Department of Interior appears ready to turn over management of the National Bison Range in Moiese, Montana, to the local tribal government of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes, removing it from a hundred-year-old uniform management system of National Wildlife refuges.  Is this a sign of things to come for our parks and refuges? Is it a dangerous precedent? Could it turn into yet another round of lawsuits and claims for water, land and game resources?

Department of Interior bureaus other than the Bureau of Indian Affairs sometimes negotiate Annual Funding Agreements with self-governing tribes (see box, p. 6), but such an agreement with the Fish and Wildlife Service for the National Bison Range would be a first. And we wonder why. Transferring management from the USFWS would break a century-old set of uniform operating standards and management priorities that have always put wildlife first.  Why would we change? Why would we open the door to different administrative priorities and management policies? Why would we risk producing a checkerboard system of refuge and park management?

Grady E. Hocutt is the Refugekeeper for Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility. Recently he wrote Montana's Sentator Conrad Burns, “This issue is not even one of whether the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes could or should have management responsibility for the National Bison Range. Rather, it is more a question of the establishment of far-reaching precedents for fragmentation and eventual dissolution of the rich history and legacy of the National Wildlife Refuge System as we know it today.”

The NWRS represents a legacy of wildlife habitats unlike anything seen on our planet. The NBR complex is one of the crown jewels of the system, and is emblematic of our nation’s turn from waste and non-conservation of many species of plants and animals…You and your other elected federal colleagues in Montana…are truly at a decisional crossroads where we believe the long-term welfare and integrity of the NWRS lies in the balance. Because of the precedent setting nature of your decisions, your handling of this complex issue will have a major impact upon the sort of NWRS that is passed on to Montanans and the nation as a whole. Consequently, we sincerely ask you to view this issue, and similar ones, from the larger perspective of a truly national system of wildlife refuges. It would be helpful and statesmanlike if you and other elected officials were to appeal to officials in the Office of the Secretary of Interior to withdraw these proposals, and all work together to maintain and strengthen the functional integrity and mission of the NWRS."

Another interesting dilemma will present itself if the transfer of the Nation Bison Refuge administration happens. The National Wildlife Refuge system is currently an Equal Opportunity employer, and the Tribal Chairman has admitted that future hiring will give tribal members preference. It's federal land, a federal payroll, yet there will be racial discrimination in hiring?

There is a petition and letter posted on the CERA website (www.citizensalliance.org) for you to download, sign and send to your representatives requesting that all programs currently operated by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, including the National Bison Range, continue to be operated by USFWS because it affords the best possible stewardship of the wildlands heritage of all U.S. citizens and continues equal employment opportunity for all.

  

Tribal Management. Coming to a site near you?

The following is a partial list of programs eligible for inclusion in Fiscal Year 2003 Annual Funding Agreements (AFA's) with self-governance tribes by Department of Interior Bureaus other than the Bureau of Indian Affairs.  This does not indicate that tribes have requested to take management, only that the DOI considers them eligible if a tribal government should ask.

 FEDERAL REGISTER/ Vol. 67, No. 66/ Friday, April 5, 2002

Eligible Programs of the Reclamation:

1.        Klamath Project – CA, OR

2.        Trinity River Restoration Program – CA

3.        Central Valley Project – (Trinity Division) – CA

4.        Newlands Project – NV, CA

5.        Washoe Project – NV, CA

6.        Colorado River Front Work/Levee System – AZ, CA, NV

7.        Lower Colorado Indian Water Management Study – AZ, CA, NV

8.        Yuma Area Projects – AZ, CA

9.        Central Arizona Project – AZ, NM

10.       Middle Rio Grande Project – NM

11.       Indian Water Rights Settlement Projects – as Congressionally authorized

 

Eligible Programs of the National Park Service: 

1.        Lake Clark National Park and Preserve – AK

2.        Kamai National Park and Preserve – AK

3.        Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve – AK

4.        Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park – AK

5.        Sitka National Historical Park – AK

6.        Kenai Fjords National Park – AK

7.        Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve – AK

8.        Western Arctic Parklands – AK

9.        Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve – AK

10.      Yukon Charlie Rivers National Preserve – AK

11.      Casa Grande Ruins National Monument – AZ

12.      Joshua Tree National Park – CA

13.      Redwood National Park – CA

14.      Whiskeytown National Recreation Area – CA

15.      Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument – ID

16.      Bear Paw Battlefield, Nez Perce National Historical Park – ID

17.      Boston Harbor Islands, a National Park Area – MA

18.      Cape Cod National Seashore – MA

19.      New Bedford Whaling National Historical Park – MA

20.      Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore – MI

21.      Voyageurs National Park – MN

22.      Grand Portage National Monument – MN

23.      Glacier National Park – MT

24.      Great Basin National Park – NV

25.      Bandelier National Monument – NM

26.      Fort Stanwix National Monument – NY

27.      Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area – OH

28.      Hopewell Culture National Historical Park – OH

29.      Chicksaw National Recreation Area – OK

30.      Effigy Mounds National Monument – IA

31.      Olympic National Park – WA

32.      San Juan Islands National Historic Park – WA

33.      Mt. Rainier National Park – WA

34.      Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve – WA